Textbook:

• "Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry" by: Nelson, D. L. and Cox, M. M. 2004, 4th edition; Worth Publishers. Available in the Bookstore.

• Laboratory Manual, 2005-2006
  Available in the Bookstore.

Evaluation:

• Mid-term Test - Mon. Oct. 24, 6-8 PM ----------------- 25%
• Final Exam - Scheduled by Student Records ---------- 60%
• Laboratory ---------------------------------------------------- 15%

2004 Final	2004 Mid-term	2003 Final	2003 Mid-Term	2002 Final	2002 Mid-Term	2001 Final	2001 Mid-Term
2000 Final	2000 Mid-Term	1999 Final	1999 Mid-Term	1998 April	1998 December	1997 April	1997 December
1996 April	1996 December	1995 April	1995 December	1994 April	1994 December	1993 April	1993 December
1992 April	1992 December	1991 April	1991 December

Lab Exemptions:

If you have taken the course within the last two years and obtained a grade of 10 out of 15 on the laboratory reports you are eligible for a lab exemption when repeating the course for the first time. The lab mark will be carried over. For all subsequent attampts the lab must also be repeated. See the staff in the Chemistry General Office, 350 Parker, to obtain a lab exemption. You are still responsible for the lab material on the final exam even if you have a deferral.

Academic Dishonesty:

Academic dishonesty, such as cheating in examinations and plagiarism of laboratory reports, can result in serious penalties up to and including expulsion from the University. Don't put yourself at risk -- maintain your integrity!

alpha-D-Glucopyranose

Lecture Schedule

BACKGROUND (1 Lecture)

Students should read Chapters 1, 2, and 3, which provide:

• overview of the biochemical approach
• review of cell structure
• review of some basic chemical principles

WATER (Chapter 4) (1 Lecture)

• properties
• interactions with solutes
• hydrophobic effect
• ionization, acids and bases
• pH and buffers

AMINO ACIDS/PEPTIDES (Chapter 5) (2 Lectures)

• structure and stereochemistry
• acid/base behaviour
• selected properties and reactions
• peptides

PROTEINS (Chapter 6) (3 Lectures)

• levels of structure
• peptide bond and secondary structure
• fibrous proteins (focus on keratin and fibroin)
• tertiary structure
• quaternary structure

If time permits, there will be a brief class treatment of protein separation, purification and sequencing.

ENZYMES (Chapter 8) (4 Lectures)

• nomenclature
• how enzymes work
• simple Michaelis Menten (M-M) kinetics
• meaning of K_m, V_max, k_cat, etc.
• inhibitors (M-M)
• chymotrypsin as an example
• regulatory enzymes - allosteric kinetics - metabolic examples later. (Covalent modification details later - phosphorylase etc.)

CARBOHYDRATES (Chapter 9) (2 Lectures)

• monosaccharides - structure and stereochemistry
• hemiacetals and hemiketals, mutarotation
• derivatives, including disaccharides
• polysaccharides - we will not do bacterial cell walls
• glycoproteins and glycolipids

NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS (Chapter 10) (2 Lectures)

• We will follow Lehninger generally but omit the advanced material - palindromes, mirror repeats etc.
• We will deal with ribosomal and transfer RNA structures later.

LIPIDS & MEMBRANES (Chapters 11 & 12) (3 Lectures)

• basic structures and physico-chemical properties (including terpenes/sterols)
• very brief treatment of isolation and purification
• brief treatment of membrane structure and function

A. Principles (Chapter 14) (3 Lectures)

• general introduction
• DG⁰, D G_rxn; relationship to K_eq
• redox reactions and reduction potentials, structures and function and NAD⁺ and FAD/FMN
• summary of G⁰ determination - from K_eq, E⁰, summation of partial reactions
• ATP and other "high-energy" compounds - structures, reasons for large G⁰- phosphate transfer potential
• thermodynamics of energy conservation as exemplified by Ga-3-P oxidation (detailed exposition)

B. Energy and Oxidation Pathways (A brief overview of Chapters 15, 16, 19.) (4 Lectures)

• fermentations (internal redox)
• respirations (exogenous, usually inorganic, electron acceptor)
• anaerobic generation of ATP -- glycolysis in principle, emphasizing energetics
• aerobic generation of ATP -- carbohydrates, fats and amino acids as sources of acetyl-S-CoA, TCA cycle, collection of electrons as NADH/FADH₂, concept and energetics of electron transport, use of released energy to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation, energetic summary calculations

Total: 25 Lectures