CHEM 2370 /
MBIO 2370
Biochemistry II: Catabolism, Synthesis, and Information Pathways
CHEM 2370 Biochemistry II: Catabolism, Synthesis, and Information Pathways
(3)L An introductory course dealing with the
basic metabolic processes that occur in living cells, including the production and use of metabolic energy, the breakdown and synthesis of biomolecules; the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins and the regulation of these processes.
This course is also given in the Department of Microbiology as MBIO 2370. Not to be held with CHEM 2780 (or the former 002.240), or CHEM 2370, or MBIO 2780 (or the former 060.240), or with the former 002.235 or 060.235. Prerequisites: CHEM 2360 (or MBIO 2360) and CHEM 2210 (or the former 002.220), both courses with a minimum grade of "C".
NOTE: Students may hold this course for credit in the B.Sc. General degree program, but may not use it to fulfill the minimum requirement of 12 credit hours in 2000 level Chemistry.
Please read this important notice from the
Faculty of Science:
Registration advisory
2007-2008
Course Outline - 2008
Instructors:
Lectures:
- Tues. & Thurs.11:30-12:45
AM
- 290 Education Building
- 201 Armes Building
Laboratories:
- Tues., Wed., or Thurs. 2:30-5:30PM
- Wed. 8:30-11:30AM
- 406, 416, 422, and 428 Parker
Textbook:
- "Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry"
by: Nelson, D. L. and Cox, M. M. 2003, 4th edition; Worth Publishers.
Available in the Bookstore.
-
Laboratory Manual, 2007-2008
Available in the Bookstore.
On-line Lecture Notes:
Evaluation:
- Mid-term Test - Mon. Feb. 25, 6:00-8:00PM
------------ 25%
- Final Exam - Scheduled by
Student Records
------------ 60%
- Laboratory
------------------------------------------------------ 15%
Note: You must obtain a grade of 8 (out of 15)
in the laboratory to pass the course.
Exam Format:
- The midterm exam will be short answer questions covering lecture material
but not laboratory material.
- The final exam will be short answer questions with 25% of the material
focused on the laboratory.
- Copies of midterm and final examinations
are included in the laboratory manual
and are available from the Science Students' Association:
Online Examinations and from: 60/2.237 and 60/2.236 Exams.
Working through them will
help prepare you for the examinations.
Lab Exemptions:
If you have taken the course within the last two years and obtained a grade of 10
out of 15 on the laboratory reports you are eligible for a lab exemption when
repeating the course for the first time. The lab mark will be carried over. For
all subsequent attampts the lab must also be repeated. See the staff in the
Chemistry General Office, 360 Parker, to obtain a lab exemption. You are still responsible
for the lab material on the final exam even if you have a deferral.
Academic Dishonesty: Please visit
the Faculty of Science web site
Cheating, Plagiarism etc.
Chlorophyll
Lecture Schedule
GLYCOLYSIS (Chapter 15) (1.5 Lectures)
details, starting from glycogen but omitting regulation
alcoholic fermentation
TCA CYCLE (Chapter 16) (1.5 Lectures)
production of acetyl-S-CoA -- in detail from pyruvate, mention from fatty acids and amino acids
detailed reactions -- leave regulation until later
ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION (Chapter 19) (2 Lectures)
mitochondrial electron flow -- emphasis on energetics
ATP synthase
chemiosmotic mechanism
PENTOSE-P PATHWAY (Chapter 15) (1 Lecture)
an alternate path of glucose oxidation that does not lead to ATP production
AMPHIBOLIC PATHWAYS, GLUCONEOGENESIS & CO-ORDINATION OF ENERGY
METABOLISM (Chapter 20, bits of Chapters 15, 16) (2 Lectures)
"by-pass" reactions and why they are necessary
anaplerotic reactions and why they are necessary
glycogen synthesis
life on acetate (glyoxylate cycle)
enzymes as metabolic valves
regulation of glycolysis
regulation of TCA cycle
co-ordination between catabolism and anabolism
FATTY ACID OXIDATION (Chapter 17) (1 Lecture)
long chain acyl CoA formation & the carnitine cycle
beta-oxidation of saturated, straight-chain, even #C atoms. Fate of propionyl-S-CoA derived from odd #C atoms. We will not do unsaturated fat.
AMINO ACID OXIDATION & UREA PRODUCTION (Chapter 18) (2 - 3 Lectures)
transamination -- its mechanism and importance in routing excess N to Glu
oxidative deamination of Glu, production of Gln, use of Gln as a N transporter in mammalian blood, importance of glutaminease as provider of NH3 for urea cycle.
comparative biochemistry of N excretion (brief)
urea cycle
some examples of degradation pathways: Glu, Gln, Asp, Ala via TCA cycle; Phe, Tyr and phenylketonuria, alcaptonuria; Thr
PHOTOSYNTHESIS (Chapter 19, 20) (3 - 4 Lectures)
the overall process
light reactions and generation of ATP and NADPH
CO2 fixation and conversion to Ga-3-P in both C-3 and C-4 plants
LIPID SYNTHESIS (Chapter 20) (3 Lectures)
de novo fatty acid synthesis
desaturation, essential fatty acids
triacylglycerol and membrane phospholipid synthesis
cholesterol metabolism
N-FIXATION, AMINO ACID NUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS (Chapter 21) (2 - 3 Lectures)
N-cycle and N-fixation
N assimilation -- centrality of Glu and Gln
examples of Amino Acid synthesis -- Arg, Pro, Ser, Gly (1-C metabolism); Pyr, Val
synthesis of purine and pyrimidine rings -- origin of ring atoms (experimental strategy); for purines we will not deal in detail with IMP synthesis; conversion of IMP to GTP and ATP in detail
pyrimidines: OMP synthesis in detail
OMP UMP
nucleotide kinases, CTP synthesis
deoxynucleotide synthesis; TMP synthesis and cancer chemotherapy
DNA METABOLISM (Chapter 24) (1 Lecture)
replication, Meselson-Stahl experiment, molecular mechanism
DNA damage and its repair (thymine dimers)
RNA METABOLISM (Chapter 25) (1 Lecture)
RNA polymerase -- promoters etc.
RNA processing -- brief
RNA replicase and reverse transcriptase
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (Chapter 26) (1 Lecture)
introduction -- the problem, coding, "bilingual" tRNA
genetic code
mechanism of translation -- initiation, elongation, termination
post-translational modification
INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM (Chapters 15 and 27) (1 Lecture)
control of enzyme activity -- review; brief look at branched pathways
regulation of gene expression
enzyme induction and repression as physiological phenomena
operons, positive and negative regulation
lac operon; the standard model and its extension to explain catabolite repression
REVIEW CLASSES
TOTAL: 23-26 Lectures
Overview of Metabolic Pathways Covered in CHEM 2370
Above is an Adobe Acrobat file that you can view or download.
Useful WWW Sites for CHEM 2370:
Textbook Publisher Site
On-line Medical Dictionary
On-line Webster Dictionary
Metabolic Pathways of Biochemistry
The Main Metabolic Pathways on Internet
Cells Alive!
National Human Genome Research Institute
Material Safety Data Sheets
