Archive of the seminars arranged by IEEE-EMBS Chapter
- Dec. 3rd, 2003, Speaker: Ms. January
Gnitecki
- Sept. 23, 2003, Speaker: Ms. Lisa Lazareck
- April 25, 2003, Speaker: Dr. Christopher
Druzgalski
- March 25, 2003, Speaker: Dr. A.B.
Thornton-Trump
- Feb. 14, 2003, Speaker: Dr. George
Wodicka
- Feb. 14, 2003, Speaker: Dr. Steve
Kraman
- Nov. 15, 2002, Speaker: Dr. Tony Szturm
- Nov. 8, 2002, Speaker: Dr. Szeto
- Nov. 1, 2002. Speaker: Dr. Hans
Pasterkamp
Friday Nov. 1, 2002
================= EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR ==========================
======= ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =============
TITLE: Respiratory Acoustics: Advances Beyond the Stethoscope
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SPEAKER: Dr. Hans Pasterkamp, MD. FRCPC.
Professor and Head, Section of Respirology
Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba
DATE: November 1st 2002 (Friday)
TIME: 11:30 AM
PLACE: 230 Engineering Building
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter
ENTRANCE: Free
Free Pizza and refreshment will also be provided.
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ABSTRACT:
Almost 200 years after its invention the stethoscope remains the most
widely used instrument in clinical medicine. There is undisputed
diagnostic value in the sounds that are generated by air flow through
the trachea and bronchi and transmitted through lung parenchyma and
chest wall to the listener's ear. The development of computer based
acoustic analyses of respiratory sounds has taken this information
beyond the limits of the stethoscope and of human auditory perception.
The processing of acoustic signals from the chest surface together with
respiratory mechanical signals from air flow velocity offers new
possibilities for non-invasive, dynamic imaging of airway configuration
and pulmonary ventilation.
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Friday Nov. 8, 2002
=-=-=-IEEE EMBS STUDENT BRANCH CHAPTER DISTINGUISHED LECTURER-=-=-=
=-=-=-=-=-=-ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY-=-=-=-=-=-=
TITLE: REHABILITATION ENGINEERING: AN EXCITING NEW FIELD
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SPEAKER: Andrew Y.J. Szeto, Ph.D.
Professor of Electrical Engineering
San Diego State University
DATE: 8 November 2002 (Friday)
TIME: 11:30 AM
PLACE: Senate Chambers
245 Engineering Building
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Student Branch Chapter
ENTRANCE: Free
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ABSTRACT:
This lecture addresses two major topics:
1) What is rehabilitation engineering and assistive technology?
Its development, myths, key principles, training programs, and
knowledge base.
2) What are some examples of assistive technology?
Developing assistive technology using an interdisciplinary approach.
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BIO:
Andrew Szeto is a professor of Electrical Engineering at San Diego State
University. His research includes applications of technology to persons
with
disabilities. His specializations include rehabilitation engineering,
sensory
aids, biomedical instrumentation, and ergonomics. During his career,
Dr. Szeto has acquired over $2.5 million in federal grants. His most
recent professional honors include IEEE Fellow (2002), AIMBE Fellow
(2002), and
President of IEEE/EMBS (2000) and Associate Editor of IEEE Engineering in
Medicine & Biology Magazine (1995-99, 2002-present).
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ADDITIONAL NOTES:
-This seminar is sponsored by the EMBS Distinguished Lecturers Program.
-You do not have to be an IEEE member to attend. Those interested in
joining IEEE and/or EMBS can pick up the appropriate forms at the event.
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Lisa Lazareck
EMBS Chapter Chair & Graduate Student
Electrical Engineering
lazareck@ee.umanitoba.ca
ph. 474-7038
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Friday Nov. 15, 2002
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
=-=-=-ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
TITLE: Development of a clinical tool to assess functional aspects of
dynamic balance
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SPEAKER: Dr. Tony Szturm , Ph.D.
Associate Professor
School of Medical Rehabilitation
University of Manitoba
Phone # (204) 787-4794
Fax# (204) 787-1227
e-mail ptsturm@cc.umanitoba.ca
DATE: November 15 2002 (Friday)
TIME: 11:30 AM
PLACE: 230 Engineering Building
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter
ENTRANCE: Free, no registration necessary.
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ABSTRACT:
Reduced mobility and falls are common and potentially preventable
sources of disability, mortality and morbidity in disabled individuals
and in older adults. Reduced mobility and falls have multiple
contributing factors. Intrinsic factors include a) central nervous
system disorders such as Stroke, Parkinson's, MS, b) peripheral nervous
system deficits in visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and cutaneous
sensor systems, c) arthritis and other musculo-skeletal disorders d)
leading to deconditioning (reduced muscle strength and endurance, range
of motion, reduced reaction time) and e) use of psychotropic drugs.
Extrinsic factors include environmental factors, such as, presence of
obstacles, uneven or compliant ground surfaces, slippery surfaces, poor
lighting etc.
Balance is an important factor when considering function, mobility and
falls Dynamic balance is highly correlated to the ability to perform
daily living skills and maintenance of mobility necessary for outdoor
walking and community independence. Balance is a functional term and
involves many essential neural processes which include a) sources of
spatial information form a variety of sensors; visual, vestibular and
somatosensory systems (proprioceptive, cutaneous) and b) higher level
integrative processes essential for mapping sensation to action and
ensuring predictive (feedforward control) and unpredictive (feedback
control) aspects of balance maintenance and restoration.
Sensing the "state" of balance or threat to balance, and timely
selection of appropriate motor strategies is determined both by the
function of the task (static or dynamic, degree of difficulty) and the
demands of the environment in which it is being performed. These can
change substantially according to the characteristics of the support
surface (uneven, compliant, slippery). Nashner (Neurocom Inc)
developed a sophisticated laboratory test "the sensory organization
test" (SOT), with an objective to measure the contribution of each
sensor in maintaining equilibrium when other senses are either
absent/eliminated, conflicting or receive distorted information. A
number of studies have used the SOT to examine balance impairment and
fall risk in different patient groups and in the elderly.
A different experimental paradigm, the moving platform paradigm, has
been used to examine motor processes involved in balance control. The
platform upon which the subject stands is suddenly translated at
different amplitudes and frequencies, which systematically disturbs
one's balance by changing the position of center of mass relative to the
base of support. Both predictive (feedforward) and automatic (feedback)
control mechanisms can be evaluated by this procedure. A number of
studies abruptly and unexpectedly moved the platform. This causes the
subject to lose their balance momentarily, which requires a rapid
compensatory response to restore balance. A good analogy to this test
is what happens when you are standing on a bus that suddenly
accelerates.In contrast, when a platform is moved sinusoidally (10-20
continuous cycles) subjects after a few cycles can anticipate the
platform movements and thus can produce preparatory adjustments in
advance, as a function of frequency of platform motion. Slow or minor
perturbations, and at low frequencies of sinusoidal platform motions,
elicit an "Ankle strategy". Here the body acts as an inverted pendulum
with the ankle as the pivot point. As the movement of an inverted
pendulum is completely rigid, the trunk and lower limb's motion is in
the same direction. For faster or larger disturbances, and at higher
frequencies of sinusoidal platform motion, a "Hip Strategy" is
observed. In this strategy, the body behaves as a dual-segment inverted
pendulum, with the trunk as one segment and the lower limbs as the
second.
The Laboratory tests described above require expensive devices, are not
portable and require specially trained personnel, which makes their use
unavailable to the average clinician requiring balance screening, in
particular in the home.
The goal of our research program is to provide insights into early
physical decrements that precede development of disability, i.e. basis
for identifying older adults at risk of becoming disabled and at risk of
falling. The purpose is to develop a clinical measurement tool of
dynamic balance, which includes the main features of the Sensory
Organization Test and platform motion paradigms used to evaluate
feedforward and feedback balance control mechanisms.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Friday Feb. 14, 2003
================= EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR ==========================
======= ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =============
TITLE: Abnormal Respiratory Sounds & Acoustic Modeling of Tracheal
Sounds
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SPEAKERS: 1- Dr. Steve Kraman, MD.
Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kentucky,
Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A.
2- Dr. George Wodicka, Ph.D.
Professor and Head of Biomedical Engineering and Professor
of Elect. &
Comp. Eng. at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana,
U.S.A.
DATE: Feb. 14, 2003 (Friday)
TIME: 11:30 AM
PLACE: Board Room 550, 5th floor of John Buhler Research Center,
(in Brodie Bldg.), Bannatyne Campus
University of Manitoba
DIRECTION: Go to Brodie Center, after book store, turn right and
take the elevators up to the 5th floor. There, turn 360 degrees counter
clock wise (just turn around the corner!) and go to the end of hallway ,
turn right and you'll find the Board room there. If you find it
difficult, come with our group that will leave here with shuttle at
11:00 AM.
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter
ENTRANCE: Free
Free Pizza and refreshment will also be provided.
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ABSTRACT 1:
We report a case of a man who developed severe shortness of breath
caused by a spherical tumor arising from the main carina that nearly
completely obstructed the distal trachea. Sounds were recorded from
the neck overlying the extra thoracic trachea before removal of the mass
and revealed unusual variable acoustic resonances and antiresonances.
These rose in frequency during inspiration, fell during expiration and
disappeared after removal of the tracheal mass. We evaluated this
phenomenon using a modeling technique previously developed to analyze
the human airways as acoustical tubes. This technique revealed that the
acoustical conditions in the trachea were being substantially modified
by the presence of the solid mass as the trachea slightly dilated during
inspiration, partially relieving the obstruction. We conclude that a
detailed understanding of the acoustic conditions of the airways may
allow correlation with anatomical and physiological conditions and may
be of use in diagnosis or evaluation of the airways in health and
disease.
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ABSTRACT 2:
Acoustic Modeling of Tracheal Sounds
The analysis of breathing sounds measured over the extrathoracic trachea
has the potential to allow for noninvasive monitoring of respiratory
tract obstructions. Key to the development of such techniques is a
quantitative understanding of how such tracheal sounds are related to
the underlying tract anatomy and airflow. An acoustic model, analogous
to an electrical transmission line, was developed that accounts for
airway shape, wall properties, branching, and glottal aperture, as well
as inherent turbulent sound sources due to airflow. Model predictions
were compared to tracheal sounds measured on healthy adult subjects at
various airflows. Despite the inherent complexity of the respiratory
tract and its acoustic properties, the model predicts many of its key
acoustic features including resonance locations and airflow dependence.
The model also highlights the importance of vocal tract shape and
glottal aperture in spectral feature determination. This spatially
distributed modeling approach provides some of the first insights into
the potential utility of tracheal sounds to monitor specific anatomic or
physiologic changes of the respiratory tract.
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BIOGRAPHY 1:
Steve S. Kraman was born in Chicago, Illinois and grew up in Brooklyn
NY. He received his M.D. degree from the University of Puerto Rico in
1973 and did his residency in Internal Medicine and fellowship in
Pulmonary Medicine at the Brookdale Hospital and Queens General Medical
Centers in New York City. He currently holds the rank of Professor of
Medicine at the University of Kentucky and is Chief of Staff of the VA
Medical Center in Lexington, Kentucky. Dr. Kraman has conducted and
published research in various aspects of respiratory acoustics since
1980 with particular interest in the production and transmission of
normal lung and tracheal sounds.
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BIOGRAPHY 2:
George R. Wodicka is Professor and Head of Biomedical Engineering and
Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University,
West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A. He is also Co-Director of the Bindley
Bioscience Center at Purdue University, and Chairman of the Joint Purdue
University - Indiana University Biomedical Engineering Graduate
Program.
Professor Wodicka was born on June 11, 1960 in Malverne, New York.
After graduating from Malverne High School in 1978, he attended The
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, where he received the
B.E.S. degree in biomedical engineering with both departmental and
university honors in 1982. He was then awarded a fellowship from the
Raytheon Company to attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(M.I.T.), Cambridge, Massachusetts, and received the S.M. degree in
electrical engineering and computer science in 1985 and the Ph.D. degree
in medical engineering in 1989. From 1987 to 1989 he was a graduate
instructor in the Harvard-M.I.T. Division of Health Sciences and
Technology where he taught the essentials of respiratory pathophysiology
to Harvard Medical and M.I.T. graduate students. Upon completion of his
doctoral studies, Professor Wodicka received the Harvard-M.I.T. graduate
award in medical engineering for academic excellence.
Since joining the Purdue faculty in 1989, Professor Wodicka has received
the Ruth and Joel Spira Outstanding Teacher Award in 1991, the Eta Kappa
Nu Outstanding Teacher Award in 1993 and again in 1997, the Honeywell
Excellence in Teaching Award in 1994, the A.A. Potter Outstanding
Teaching Award in 1997, and the D.D. Ewing Outstanding Teacher Award in
2000.
Professor Wodicka conducts an active research program in the area of
biomedical acoustics - the application of sonic technologies toward the
solution of problems in clinical medicine. His current efforts include
the design of acoustic guidance systems for clinical catheters and
tubes, and the development of acoustic biosensors to quantify airway
obstruction. Numerous government agencies, foundations, and medical
device corporations have supported his research program.
Professor Wodicka is the recipient of a Young Investigator Award from
the U.S. National Science Foundation, and is a Guggenheim Fellow. He is
a member of Tau Beta Pi and Eta Kappa Nu, and a Fellow of the Institute
of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Institute for
Medical and Biological Engineering.
Wednesday Dec. 3rd, 2003
================= EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR ==========================
======= ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =============
TITLE: Adaptive Localization and Reduction of Heart Sounds in Lung
Sound Recordings
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SPEAKER: Ms. January Gnitecki,
Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Elect. & Comp. Engineering, U of
Manitoba
DATE: December 3rd, 2003 (Wednesday)
TIME: 11:30 AM
PLACE: 230 Engineering Building
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter Joint with EMBS Student Chapter
ENTRANCE: Free
Free Pizza and refreshment will also be provided.
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ABSTRACT:
Automated methods by which to deduce information regarding respiratory
mechanics via respiratory acoustics would present favorable additions to
traditional pulmonary function testing for diagnosis of airway
conditions. However, the time and frequency domain combinations of
sounds originating from pulmonary airflow with heart and muscle sounds
in signals acquired on the chest wall complicate the objective,
semi-automated definition of flow-specific lung sounds as a function of
airway status.
Results from three studies will be presented to emphasize quantitative
contributions from muscle and heart sounds; localization of these
sounds; and removal of heart sounds from lung sounds. The prominence of
muscle sounds was assessed by analyzing lung sounds acquired from five
healthy adult males during target flow breathing with prolonged
respiratory phases. Spectral envelopes within two frequency bands
between 75 and 300 Hz were used to show presence of sound during low
flow and end-inspiration. For heart sound studies, lung sound data were
recorded from anterior-right chest locations of six healthy male and
female subjects, aged 10-26 years, under three standardized flow
conditions: 7.5 (low), 15 (medium) and 22.5 ml/s/kg (high). The variance
fractal dimension trajectory (VFDT) algorithm was applied to these data
to examine its use as a heart sounds locator regardless of pulmonary
airflow. The results of VFDT were compared with R-wave peak locations of
electrocardiogram (ECG) signals acquired concurrently with lung sound
data, since an R-wave peak corresponds with the onset of a first heart
sound. Localization was most successful at low and medium flows.
Recursive least squares (RLS) adaptive noise cancellation (ANC)
filtering was used for reduction of heart sounds in lung sounds. To
gauge the effectiveness of the filtering, segments of the original lung
sound recordings within target flow and void of heart sounds were
extracted using ECG, in order to compare their power spectral density
(PSD) with the PSD of segments of original lung sounds and RLS-ANC
filtered sounds within target flow. This comparison was done in four
frequency bands within 20 to 300 Hz for each subject. Results indicate
that RLS-ANC significantly reduces heart sounds without altering
underlying lung sounds.
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BIOGRAPHY:
January is a Ph.D. student in Electrical Engineering. Her thesis
research encompasses the field of respiratory acoustics, and she is
currently fulfilling a Graduate Studentship at the Manitoba Institute of
Child Health Respiratory Acoustics Laboratory. Thus far, she has
studied segmentation methods for lung sound signals using adaptive
filtering and variance fractal dimension, which has provided insight
into the contribution of heart and muscle sounds to recorded lung
sounds. Her current research objective lies in applying pattern
recognition techniques for classifying lung sounds of subjects during
bronchial provocation, with supplemental study of the use of respiratory
sounds to indicate airway dimension before and after
bronchoconstriction.
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Tuesday Sept. 23, 2003
================= EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR ==========================
======= ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =============
TITLE: CLASSIFICATION OF NORMAL AND DYSPHAGIC SWALLOWS BY ACOUSTICAL
MEANS
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SPEAKER: MS. Lisa Lazareck
DATE: Sept. 23, 2003 (Tuesday)
TIME: 11:30 AM
PLACE: 230 Engineering Building
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter Joint with EMBS Student Chapter
ENTRANCE Fee: Free, All welcome. Lunch is also provided.
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ABSTRACT:
This research proposes a non-invasive, acoustic-based method to
differentiate between individuals with and without dysphagia or
swallowing
dysfunction. Swallowing sound signals, both normal and abnormal (i.e.,
at
risk of some degrees of dysphagia) were recorded with accelerometers
over
the trachea. Segmentation based on waveform dimension trajectory (WDT,
a
distance-based technique) was developed to segment the non-stationary
swallowing sound signals. Two characteristic sections emerged, Opening
and Transmission, and 24 characteristic features were extracted and
subsequently reduced via discriminant analyses. A discriminant
algorithm
was also employed for classification, with the system trained and tested
using the leave-one-out approach. Overall, 350 signals were used from
three bolus consistencies (semisolid, thick and thin liquids). A final
screening algorithm correctly classified 13 of 15 control subjects and
11
of 11 subjects with neurological impairments. The proposed method has
great potential to reduce the need for videofluoroscopic swallowing
studies (current gold standard method for swallowing assessment, which
is
invasive and non-portable) and the overall clinical assessment of
swallowing sound signals.
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BIOGRAPHY:
Lisa graduated with her Master of Science and Bachelor of Science in
Electrical Engineering from the University of Manitoba in September 2003
and May 2001, respectively. Her most current research involves the
study
of swallowing sound signals and its segmentation into characteristic
segments. More specifically, her research includes investigation of the
key features per characteristic segments, examination of fractals and
classification methods (neural networks, rough sets), and comparison of
normal and abnormal swallowing sound signal results. Lisa will be
pursuing doctoral studies at the University of Oxford in October 2003.
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Thursday April 25, 2003
================= EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR ==========================
======= ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =============
TITLE: THE NEEDS AND TRENDS IN BME WITH FOCUS ON INTEGRATED MEDICAL
DEVICE DESIGN
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SPEAKER: Dr. Christopher Druzgalski
Professor and Biomedical & Clinical Engineering Program
Director
Department of Electrical Engineering, California State
University, Long Beach
DATE: April 25th 2003 (Friday)
TIME: 10:00 AM
PLACE: 230 Engineering Building
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter
ENTRANCE Fee: Free, All welcome
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ABSTRACT:
The medical device industry, with reported annual sales of $57 billion,
became bigger than the steel industry, and continues to be one of the
most dynamic sectors of U.S. high technology enterprise. The current
trends in health care delivery systems, which encompass medical device
enterprise, embrace a reduction of hospital labor costs, increase in
outpatient surgical procedures and progressive home health care
including self-diagnosis and self-therapy, in addition to automated
diagnosis as well as innovative imaging techniques, health care
information systems, and they define new developments and research
activities.
Within this broad spectrum of engineering activities, the presentation
will focus on an integrated
medical device design. The impediments of a medical device design are
often set by technical limitations of fundamental components comprising
a given device. As capacitors, in addition to batteries, set the limits
of implantable defibrillators, one third of pacemakers are replaced due
limits set by the batteries. The biosensors' capabilities define the
spectrum and modalities of detected or continuously monitored
physiological parameters. Hearing aid devices' performance is often
defined by DSP circuitry, and sufficiently strong magnets allowing
physical coupling between internal and external parts of the unit.
Therefore, the status and needs of a component through system level
design in selected medical applications will be reviewed including the
role of related IEEE activities.
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BIOGRAPHY:
Dr. Christopher Druzgalski is a Professor of Electrical and Biomedical
Engineering at the California State University. His educational
background includes MSEE, MSBME, Ph.D. degrees and his work experience
incorporates positions as a project engineer and a technical consultant
in the industry, in Europe and the United States. He received a
Fulbright Award to lecture in Brazil, as well as lectured and served as
a consultant in China, Egypt, Honduras, Panama, and other countries. His
current research work includes bioacoustics, sensors and data
acquisition systems, telemedicine, and Internet for medical and
industrial applications. He is the President of the Association of
California State University Professors - a statewide organization, and
the Chair of IEEE LAC EMB (Engineering in Medicine and Biology). Also,
he is a senior member of IEEE and is involved in a number of other
organizations.
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Tuesday March 25, 2003
================= EMBS CHAPTER SEMINAR ==========================
======= ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY =============
TITLE: The simulation of upperbody motion dynamics and muscle forces
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SPEAKERS: Dr. A. B. Thornton-Trump
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University
of Manitoba
DATE: March 25, 2003 (Tuesday)
TIME: 1:00 AM
PLACE: Room 230 Engineering Bldg
Fort Garry Campus
University of Manitoba
ORGANIZERS: EMBS Chapter
ENTRANCE: Free
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ABSTRACT:
Many researchers have been taking measurements of human motion in an
attempt to correlate body segment motions to one another. Few
researchers
have addressed the larger problem of synthesizing human motion in an
attempt
to determine joint moments and muscle forces. The work to be presented
is
the simulation in three-dimensional space of a human worker doing a
simple
repetitive task. The purpose of the simulation is to predict moments
required at the upper body joints to complete the reptitive task at
various
speeds and for various workstation geometries. The simulation required
that
the problem of redundancy and proper joint restraints be overcome. In
additon to overcoming the redundancy proplem, methods had to be
developed to
allow the determination of body segment accelerations, segment masses,
segment mass moments of inertia and joint trajectories in space.
Individual
muscle forces were then determined from the joint moments using
three-dimensional vector modeling and assumptions relating to the muscle
activation strategy used to control the motion. Results of a full
simulation program are presented.
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BIOGRAPHY:
Dr. A. B. Thornton-Trump received his undergraduate degree from UBC in
Mechanical Engineering. After working in the Research and Development
group
with Dupont of Canada, he returned to do his Ph. D. at Waterloo. In
1969 he
joined the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of
Manitoba
to work in the area of biomechanics. He has taught graduate courses in
biomechanics, stress analysis, and fluid mechanics. His major work has
been
done in the area of human motion synthesis and analysis.
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