CHEM 2770 / MBIO 2770
Elements of Biochemistry I
CHEM 2770 Biochemistry I: (3)L (Lab Required) (Formerly
002.277) Basic concepts of biochemistry including the properties of
biomolecules (amino acids and proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates, lipids, and
nucleic acids) and aspects of energy production in cells. For students in
Agricultural and Food Sciences, Human Ecology, and Four Year Biological
Sciences programs in Science. May not be used as part of an Honours, Major,
General, or Minor program in Chemistry or in Microbiology. This course is also
given in Microbiology as MBIO 2770. Not be held with CHEM 2360, CHEM 2361
(002.236), MBIO 2360, MBIO 2361 (060.236), CHEM 2860 (002.286), or MBIO 2770
(060.277). Prerequisites: one of CHEM 1310, CHEM 1311 (002.131) (C), or CHEM
1320 (002.132) (C); plus six credit hours of university level biological
sciences.
Announcements
Please read this important notice from the Faculty of Science: Registration Advisory.
Midterm answer keys: VERSION A VERSION B GRADES*
Final answers ODD no. pages EVEN
no. pages
*Note:
for students who wrote Version A of the midterm, question 5 was not marked
properly. If you answered D ([H+]=10-pH),
add one good answer (4.17%) to your score.
Course Outline - 2014
Instructors:
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Dr.
Hélène Perreault (only for 2014)
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Room
550 Parker
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Telephone:
474-7418
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Office
Hours: 2-4 PM, Tuesday and Thursday
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E-mail: Helene.Perreault@umanitoba.ca
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Dr.
Ellert Nichols
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Room
406B Parker Chemistry Building
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Telephone:
474-7415
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Office
Hours: 11:30 AM to 1 PM, Monday to Friday
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E-mail:
Dr. Nichols
Lectures:
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Monday,
Wednesday, & Friday 12:30-1:20 PM
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223
Wallace
Laboratories:
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Monday
2:30-5:30PM
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Tuesday
8:30-11:30AM
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Friday
2:30-5:30PM
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406,
416, 422, and 428 Parker
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IMPORTANT LABORATORY INFORMATION
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Notes on
Experiment 3 (Sept 26 in class, CORRECTED)
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Notes on Experiment 4 (Oct 3
in class)
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Notes on Experiment 6 (Oct 31 in class)
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Excel file for Experiment 5
Monday pm
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Excel file for Experiment 5 Tuesday am
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Excel file for Experiment 5 Friday pm
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Example
spreadsheet for Expt 5 (in class)
You must
attend the laboratory for which you are registered. Laboratories start in the
week of September 8, 2014.
Textbook:
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"Principles of Biochemistry, 5th
edition" by: Moran et al. Available in the Bookstore and also required
for CHEM 2780 / MBIO 2780.
·
Laboratory Manual, 2014
Available in the Bookstore.
·
"Basic Concepts in Biochemistry: A
Student's Survival Guide, 2nd Ed." by Hiram F. Gilbert
McGraw-Hill; ISBN 0-07-13567-6; QP 514.2 G56 2000
On-line Lecture Notes:
Oct 1 Enzyme types
Downloading & Printing Instructions:
If
you are having difficulty printing or viewing the Note or Exam files using a PC
try the following: Use the right mouse button and click on the Exam link. Use
the left mouse button and click "Save Target as ...". Then
click "Save". (Make sure you save the file as an Adobe Acrobat
Document). The file will down load onto your computer once you have clicked on
"Save". Now, open the Exam file with Adobe Acrobat Reader and
print it.
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Mid-term Test - Tuesday October
29, 6-7 PM |
25% |
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Final Exam - Scheduled by
Student Records |
60% |
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Laboratory |
15% |
Note: You must obtain a grade of 7.5 (out of 15)
in the laboratory to pass the course.
Exam Format
·
Both the mid-term and final exam will
previously consisted of machine-marked, multiple-choice questions.
·
This year (2014) the final
exam will consist of 35 multiple choice class questions (1.89% each), 5 written
questions (3.78% each), 10 multiple choice lab questions (1.5% each).
·
The mid-term will contain questions based on material
covered in lectures only, whereas the final exam will contain questions on
lecture (~75%) and laboratory work (~25%).
·
Copies of midterm and final examinations from
previous years are available below and from the Science Students' Association: Online Examinations. Working
through them will help prepare you for the examinations.
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Lab
Exemptions:
In order to be eligible for a
Lab Exemption, a student must have completed the laboratory with an overall
grade in the Laboratory of no less than 70%, and the student must have
completed the course. (i.e. you
cannot obtain a lab exemption if you VW'd the course).
Continuation
in CHEM 2780/MBIO 2780:
Students wishing to continue with CHEM 2780/MBIO 2780, Elements of
Biochemistry II in second term MUST obtain a C grade or better in CHEM
2770/MBIO 2770. Students who have registered in CHEM 2780/MBIO 2780 and receive
a D or F grade in CHEM 2770/MBIO 2770 MUST withdraw from CHEM 2780/MBIO
2780 as soon as possible after they are made aware of their grade.
Final
Exam Review:
Students in the Faculty of Science are permitted to review their
final exams before the deadline for appealing final grades (Final
Grade Appeal). If you wish to view your final exam please go to the
Department of Chemistry general office (360 Parker Building), fill in an
application form, and pay the $5.00 fee.
Academic Dishonesty: Please
visit the Faculty of Science web site Cheating,
Plagiarism etc.
ATP
Course content
1. INTRODUCTION AND TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL
MOLECULES (Chapter 1).
Students should read this chapter as a review
of material covered in first-year courses in chemistry and biology.
Entropy,
enthalpy, and free energy.
Equilibrium
constants.
2. WATER -- ITS EFFECT ON BIOMOLECULES (Chapter
2)
Buffers.
Ionization of H2O, pH, weak and strong acids and bases.
Titration
curves and pKa values. Calculations of pH. Use of Henderson-Hasselbalch
Equation in calculations and making buffer solutions. Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
buffer in blood.
3. AMINO ACIDS (Chapter 3)
Structure
and classification according to R group. Selected chemical properties.
Stereochemistry,
chirality, D- and L-forms, biological importance of chirality.
Ionic
properties and titration curves of amino acids. Isoelectric pH (pI).
4. PEPTIDES &
PROTEINS (Chapter 4).
Introduction
to peptide & protein structure
Working with
proteins
Covalent
(Primary) Structure -- sequence determination
Three-dimensional
structure The peptide bond; secondary structure and the forces maintaining it
exemplified by the alpha-helix and beta-sheet .
Tertiary
& quaternary structures and the forces maintaining them exemplified by
globular and fibrous proteins.
Denaturation
by heat, pH changes etc.
5. ENZYMES (Chapters 5 & 6)
General
properties and classification.
Enzymes as
catalysts -- the active or catalytic site, activation energy and reaction
rates.
Enzyme kinetics:
reaction rates, effects of enzyme concentration, pH, temperature, and substrate
concentration. Michaelis-Menten equation, significance of Km and Vmax. Lineweaver-Burk (reciprocal) plots. Enzyme specificity.
How enzymes
increase reaction rates: proximity and orientation effects, bond-stress,
catalytic
R-groups and
role of metal ions.
Enzyme
inhibition: Reversible inhibition -- competitive and non-competitive
inhibition. Irreversible inhibition.
Enzyme
regulation: allosteric effects, feed-back inhibitors, activators. Sigmoidal
kinetics. Regulation via covalent modification.
6. CARBOHYDRATES (Chapter 8)
Monosaccharides:
Aldose and ketose nomenclature, stereochemistry, D-
and L-classification,
enantiomers and epimers. Intramolecular hemiacetal
and
hemiketal formations. Anomers. Mutarotation.
Sugar
derivatives, glycosides.
Disaccharides:
maltose, isomaltose, lactose, sucrose.
Reducing and
non-reducing sugars.
Polysaccharides:
Starch, glycogen, chitin and cellulose.
7. LIPIDS & MEMBRANES (Chapter 9)
Classification
of lipids.
Structure
& properties of fatty acids.
Structure
& properties of triacylglycerols (fats and oils), waxes.
Membrane
lipids: glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids (glycosphingolipids and
gangliosides). Sterols and steroids, e.g. Cholesterol.
Amphipathic
nature of membrane lipids.
Membranes:
Composition. The Fluid-Mosaic model: bilayers, integral and perip heral
proteins,
control of
membrane fluidity through changes in fatty acid composition.
Asymmetric
nature of membrane surfaces. Selectedunctions of membranes.
8. NUCLEOTIDES and NUCLEIC ACIDS (Chapter
19)
Purines and
pyrimidines. Nucleosides, nucleotides. Ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides.
Polynucleotides
and nucleic acids. RNA and DNA.
Structure of
DNA: Chargaff’s rules, base pairing, the right-handed double-helical DNA
and the forces stabilizing it. Some properties of DNA.
9. BIOENERGETICS (Chapter 10)
Spontaneous
and non-spontaneous processes. Endergonic and exergonic processes. Standard
free energy changes and equilibrium constants. Oxidation reduction reactions
and reduction potential. Biological electron carriers.
ATP
structure and properties as a "high-energy" phosphate. Low-energy
phosphates. Free energies of hydrolysis as measure of phosphate transfer potentials.
Other "high-energy" compounds.
Use of ATP
in driving unfavorable reactions.
10. ATP
PRODUCING PATHWAYS (Chapters 11, 13, 14)
Direct
production via substrate level phosphorylation exemplified by anaerobic
[rpcesses (glycolysis, alcoholic fermentation) (Ch 11).
Indirect
production involving aerobic degradation of glucose (and other foodstuffs) via
acetyl-S-Coenzyme A: the TCA Cycle (Ch 13).
Electron
transport and oxidative phosphorylation: Components and energetics of the
electron-transport chain. Chemiosmotic theory & ATP yield (Ch 14).
Oleic Acid
Useful WWW Sites for CHEM
2770:
Metabolic
Pathways of Biochemistry
The Main Metabolic Pathways on
Internet
National Human Genome Research Institute
Return
to the Chemistry Department Course Descriptions
Return to Hélène Perreault's Home Page
http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~perreau/chem2770_2014/Main.htm
