# Genetic Code Table # # Obtained from: http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Utils/wprintgc.cgi # # Version 3.1 - 1995 # Addition of Eubacterial by J.Ostell at NCBI # Version 3.2 - 6/24/95 # Eubacterial renamed to Bacterial as most alternate starts # have been found in Archaea # # Differences from the Standard Code: # # None # # Alternative Initiation Codons: # # GUG, UUG, AUU, CUG # # Systematic Range and Comments: # # Table 11 is used for Bacteria, Archaea, prokaryotic viruses and # chloroplast proteins. As in the standard code, initiation is most # efficient at AUG. In addition, GUG and UUG starts are documented in # Archaea and Bacteria (Kozak 1983, Fotheringham et al. 1986, Golderer et # al. 1995, Nolling et al. 1995, Sazuka & Ohara 1996, Genser et al. # 1998, Wang et al. 2003). In E. coli, UUG is estimated to serve as # initiator for about 3% of the bacterium's proteins (Blattner et al. # 1997). CUG is known to function as an initiator for one plasmid-encoded # protein (RepA) in Escherichia coli (Spiers and Bergquist, 1992). In # addition to the NUG initiations, in rare cases Bacteria can initiate # translation from an AUU codon as e.g. in the case of poly(A) polymerase # PcnB and the InfC gene that codes for translation initiation factor IF3 # (Polard et al. 1991, Liveris et al. 1993, Sazuka & Ohara 1996, Binns & # Masters 2002). The internal assignments are the same as in the standard # code though UGA codes at low efficiency for Trp in Bacillus subtilis # and, presumably, in Escherichia coli (Hatfiled and Diamond, 1993). Genetic Code [11] Bacterial and Plant Plastid AAs = FFLLSSSSYY**CC*WLLLLPPPPHHQQRRRRIIIMTTTTNNKKSSRRVVVVAAAADDEEGGGG Starts = ---M---------------M------------MMMM---------------M------------ Base1 = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG Base2 = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGG Base3 = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG