Selected Publications:

Ramin Soltanzadeh, Elnaz Afsharipour, and Cyrus Shafai, “Investigation of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Improvements with Microneedle Array Electrodes based on Multiphysics Simulation,” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, February 2020.

Yu Zhou, Cyrus Shafai, and James Dietrich, “A Spiral Spring Electrostatic Actuator for Double Layer Deformable Mirror with Continuous Phase Sheet,” SPIE Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS (JM3), vol. 18, 015001, May 2019.

Elnaz Afsharipour, Ramin Soltanzadeh, Byoungyoul Park, Dwayne Chrusch, and Cyrus Shafai, “Low-power three-degree-of-freedom Lorentz force microelectromechanical system mirror for optical applications,” SPIE Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS (JM3), vol. 18, 015001, January 2019.

Byoungyoul Park, Elnaz Afsharipour, Dwayne Chrusch, Cyrus Shafai, David Andersen, and Greg Burley, “A Low Voltage and Large Stroke Lorentz Force Continuous Deformable Polymer Mirror for Wavefront Control,” Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 280, pp. 197-204, September 2018.

Ramin Soltanzadeh, Elnaz Afsharipour, Cyrus Shafai, Neda Ansari, Behzad Mansouri, and Zahra Moussavi, “Molybdenum Coated SU-8 Microneedle Electrodes for Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation,” Biomedical Microdevices, vol. 20, March 2018.

Yu Zhou and Cyrus Shafai, “Study of Electrostatic Actuator Voltage Reduction with a Tri-electrode Actuator with Varying Pull-Down Voltage,” 32nd Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Graz, Austria, 9-12 September 2018.

Yanxia Liu, Lotfollah Shafai, and Cyrus Shafai, “Probe-fed Rectangular Flat-wire Open Loop Antennas”, 2018 ANTEM - 18th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics, Waterloo, Canada, 19-22 August 2018.

Byoungyoul Park, Elnaz Afsharipour, Dwayne Chrusch, Cyrus Shafai, David Andersen, and Greg Burley, “Aluminum-Polymer Deformable Mirror using Electromagnetic Actuators for Spatial Light Modulation,” IEEE OMN2018 Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics, Lausanne, Switzerland, 29 July - 2 August, 2018.

Yu Zhou, Cyrus Shafai, and Lot Shafai, “Effect of Perforation Ratio on the Actuation Voltage Reduction of a Tri-Electrode Electrostatic Actuator,” IEEE OMN2018 Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics, Lausanne, Switzerland, 29 July - 2 August, 2018.

Ramin Soltanzadeh, Jeff Winkler, and Cyrus Shafai, “Tracheal Sounds Features Changes in Different Sleep Stages Based on Complex Wavelet Analysis”, 40th International Conference if the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Honolulu, USA, 17-21 July 2018.

C. Ross, K. El-Sankary, S. Chapman, C. Shafai, B. Park, Y. Zhou, and G. Burley, “Next generation adaptive optics: a low-voltage ASIC driver for MEMS deformable mirrors,” Adaptive Optics Systems VI, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, Austin, Texas, United States, 10-15 June 2018.

Suresh Sivanandam et al., “Gemini Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph: Instrument Overview”, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, Austin, Texas, United States, 10-14 June 2018.

Ramin Soltanzadeh, Elnaz Afsharipour, Cyrus Shafai, Neda Ansari, Behzad Mansouri, and Zahra Moussavi, “Molybdenum Coated SU-8 Microneedle Electrodes for Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation”, Biomedical Microdevices, vol. 20, March 2018.

A. Rashidian, C. Shafai, L. Shafai, “On-Silicon Millimetre-Wave Antennas and Passive Components Using Narrow Film Photoresist Structures and Posts”, 2017 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), Verona, Italy, 11-15 September 2017.

Yu Zhou and Cyrus Shafai, “Reduction of electrostatic actuator control voltage by employing a tri-electrode topology”, 31st Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Paris, France, 3-6 September 2017.

B. Park, E. Afsharipour, and C. Shafai, “A Lorentz Force Actuated Continuous Deformable Polymer Mirror for Wavefront Control”, 31st Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Paris, France, 3-6 September 2017.

S. Liyanage, C. Shafai, T. Chen, and A. Rajapakse , “Torsional moving electric field sensor with modulated sensitivity and without reference ground”, 31st Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Paris, France, 3-6 September 2017.

E. Afsharipour, B. Park, and C. Shafai, “Large Tilt Angle Lorentz Force Actuated Micro-Mirror with 3 DOF for Optical Applications”, 31st Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Paris, France, 3-6 September 2017.

E. Afsharipour, P. Glowacki, and C. Shafai, “A MEMS-Controllable Fresnel Zone Plate for Miniaturized UV Spectrometer”, 31st Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Paris, France, 3-6 September 2017.

P. Glowacki, and C. Shafai, “Binary Zone Plate Infrared Spectrometer for Dissolved Gas Analysis in High Voltage Equipment”, 31st Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Paris, France, 3-6 September 2017.

Byoungyoul Park, Elnaz Afsharipour, Dwayne Chrusch, Cyrus Shafai, David Andersen, Greg Burley, “Large Displacement Bi-Directional Out-of-Plane Lorentz Actuator Array for Surface Manipulation”, Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 27, August 2017.

Atabak Rashidian, Lotfollah Shafai, David Klymyshyn, and Cyrus Shafai, “A Fast and Efficient Free-Space Dielectric Measurement Technique at mm-Wave Frequencies”, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 16, pp. 2630-2633, August 2017.

Yanxia Liu, Lot Shafai, and Cyrus Shafai, “Effects of Split Ring Arrangement and Slit location on the Miniaturization Performance of Split Ring Loaded Dielectric Resonator Antennas”, submitted to URSI General Assembly, Montréal, Canada, 19-26 August 2017.

Colin Gaudreau, Cyrus Shafai, and Miroslaw Pawlak, “Implementation of Computer Vision Algorithms to Monitor Bees & Predators Surrounding the Apiary”, Canadian Society of Bioengineering Conference, Winnipeg, Canada, 6-10 August 2017.

Valerie Beynon and Cyrus Shafai, “Interdigitated Capacitor Sensor for Honey Cell Content Monitoring in a Smart Hive”, Canadian Society of Bioengineering Conference, Winnipeg, Canada, 6-10 August 2017.

Atabak Rashidian, Lotfollah Shafai, and Cyrus Shafai, “Miniaturized Transparent Metallo-Dielectric Resonator Antennas Integrated with Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 65, pp. 2265-2275, May 2017.

Elnaz Afsharipour, Byoungyoul Park, and Cyrus Shafai, “Determination of Reactive RF-Sputtering Parameters for Fabrication of SiOx Films with Specified Refractive Index, for Highly Reflective SiOx Distributed Bragg Reflector”, IEEE Photonics Journal, vol. 9, February 2017.

E. Afsharipour and C. Shafai, “Tailoring the refractive index of ITO thin films, by genetic algorithm optimization of the reactive DC-sputtering parameters”, SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, USA, 28 January - 2 February 2017.

Yu Zhou and Cyrus Shafai, “Optimized Design of Micromachined Electric Field Mills to Maximize Electrostatic Field Sensitivity”, Sensing & Bio-Sensing Research, vol. 9, pp. 31-37, July 2016.

T. Chen, C. Shafai, Athula Rajapakse, J.S.H. Liyanage, and T.D. Neusitzer, “Micromachined ac/dc Electric Field Sensor with Modulated Sensitivity”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 245, pp. 76-84, July 2016.

A. Rashidian, L. Shafai, C. Shafai, M. Sobocinski, J. Peräntie, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, “Development of Planar Dielectric Passive Microwave Circuits and Antennas”, 2016 ANTEM - 17th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics, Montréal, Canada, 10-13 July 2016.

Yanxia Liu, Lotfollah Shafai, and Cyrus Shafai, “Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement of Stacked H- Shaped Patch-Open Ring Antenna”, 2016 ANTEM - 17th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics, Montréal, Canada, 10-13 July 2016.

Yun-Hsiang Sun, Tao Chen, Christine Qiong Wu, and Cyrus Shafai, “A comprehensive experimental setup for identification of friction model parameters”, Mechanism and Machine Theory, vol. 100, pp. 338-357, June 2016.

Byoungyoul Park, Dwayne Chrusch, and Cyrus Shafai, “Development of a Novel MEMS Based Horseshoe Shape Lorentz Actuator Array for Adaptive Optics”, 2016 Canadian Astronomical Society (CASCA) annual meeting, Winnipeg, Canada, 30 May - 2 June 2016.

Yu Zhou and Cyrus Shafai, “A Large Area MEMS Low Voltage Electrostatic Actuator for a Deformable Mirror System”, 2016 Canadian Astronomical Society (CASCA) annual meeting, Winnipeg, Canada, 30 May - 2 June 2016.

Yun-Hsiang Sun, Tao Chen, Christine Wu, and Cyrus Shafai, “Comparison of Four Friction Models: Feature Prediction”, ASME Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 11, 10 pages, May 2016.

Byoungyoul Park, Meiting Li, Janaranjana Sampath Hiniduma Liyanage, and Cyrus Shafai, “Lorentz force based resonant MEMS magnetic-field sensor with optical readout”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 241, pp. 12-18, April 2016.

S. Isik, O. Coban, E. Gur, C. Shafai, and S. Tuzemen, “Growth conditions effects on the H2 and CO2 gas sensing properties of Indium Tin Oxide”, 4th Nan Today Conference, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 6-10 December 2015.

Mojtaba Safari, Cyrus Shafai, and Lotfollah Shafai, “X-Band Tunable Frequency Selective Surface Using MEMS Capacitive Loads”, IEEE Transactions Antennas & Propagation, vol. 63, pp. 1014-1021, March 2015.

Yu Zhou and Cyrus Shafai, “Investigation of a Micromachined Electric Field Mill Using Dielectric Shutter”, 28th Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Brescia, Italy, pp. 448-451, 7-10 September 2014.

T. Chen, C. Shafai, A. Rajapakse, and B.Y. Park, “Micromachined Electric Field Mill Employing A Vertical Moving Shutter”, 28th Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Brescia, Italy, pp. 452-455, 7-10 September 2014.

M. Safari, C. Shafai, and L. Shafai, “Development of a MEMS-Enabled Frequency Selective Surface”, 2014 ANTEM Symposium on Antenna Technology & Applied Electromagnetics, Victoria, Canada, 13-16 July 2014.

Saeed I. Latif, Mojtaba Safari, Cyrus Shafai, and Lotfollah Shafai, “Development of adaptive structures incorporating MEMS-devices to be used as reflectarrays or transmitarrays”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 56, no. 4, pp. 935-938, April 2014.

E. Tahmasebian, C. Shafai, T. Chen, “Metal MEMS Membrane Based Electric Field Sensor”, 2013 COMSOL Conference, Boston, 9-11 October 2013.

Tao Chen and Cyrus Shafai, “MEM Electric Field Sensor using Force Deflection with Capacitance Interrogation”, 2013 IEEE Power & Engineering Society (PES) General Meeting, Vancouver, 21-25 July 2013.

Saeed I. Latif, Lotfollah Shafai and Cyrus Shafai, “An Engineered Conductor for the Gain and Efficiency Improvement of Miniaturized Microstrip Antennas”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 55, pp. 77-90, April 2013.

T.A. Emadi, C. Shafai, D.J. Thomson, M.S. Freund, D.S. Jayas, and N.D.G. White, “Polymer-based Chemicapacitor Sensor, for 1-Octanol and Relative Humidity Detection at Different Temperatures and Frequencies”, IEEE Sensors, vol. 13, pp. 519-527, February 2013.

Omar A. Nova, Juan C. Bohórquez, Néstor M. Peña, Greg E. Bridges, Lotfollah Shafai, and Cyrus Shafai, “Design procedure of a filter-antenna module implemented in substrate integrated waveguide technology”, Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing (ALOG), vol. 73, pp. 895-907, August 2012.

C. Shafai, M. Safari, and L. Shafai, “Analog Microstrip Phase Shifter Using MEMS Ground Plane Elements”, 2012 ANTEM Symposium on Antenna Technology & Applied Electromagnetics, Toulouse, France, 25-28 June 2012.

Md. Eftekhar Hossain, Michael S. Freund, Digvir S. Jayas, Noel D. G. White, Cyrus Shafai, and Douglas J. Thomson, “Carbon Black Polymer Sensor Array for Incipient Grain Spoilage Monitoring”, Agricultural Research, vol. 1, pp. 87-94, Jan-March 2012.

Md. Eftekhar Hossain, G.M. Aminur Rahman, Michael S. Freund, Digvir S. Jayas, Noel D.G. White, Cyrus Shafai, and Douglas J. Thomson, “Fabrication and Optimization of a Conducting Polymer Sensor Array Using Stored Grain Model Volatiles”, Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, vol. 60, pp. 2863-2873, February 2012.

T. Senthilkumar, D.S. Jayas, N.D.G. White, M.S. Freund, C. Shafai, D.J. Thomson, “Characterization of volatile organic compounds released by granivorous insects in stored wheat”, Journal of Stored Products Research, vol. 48, pp. 91-96, January 2012.

M. Roy and C. Shafai, “A MEM Electric Field Sensor Optimization by Multi-Objective Niched Pareto Genetic Algorithm”, 25th Eurosensors - European Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Athens, Greece, pp. 1609-1612, 4-7 September 2011.

S.I. Latif, L. Shafai, and C. Shafai, “Gain and Efficiency Enhancement of Compact and Miniaturized Microstrip Antennas using Multi-layered Laminated Conductors”, IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 5, pp. 402-411, March 2011.

Omar A. Nova, Juan C. Bohórquez, Néstor M. Peña, Greg E. Bridges, Lotfollah Shafai, and Cyrus Shafai, “Filter-Antenna Module using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavities”, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 10, pp. 59-62, January 2011.

S. Neethirajan, M.S. Freund, D.S. Jayas, C. Shafai, D.J. Thomson, and N.D.G. White, “Development of Carbon dioxide (CO2) Sensor for Grain Quality Monitoring”, Biosystems Engineering Journal, vol. 106, pp. 395-404, August 2010.

Juan C. Bóhorquez, Néstor Pena, Aaron Vaisman, Cyrus Shafai, Dwayne D. Chrusch, Cédric Quendo, Eric Rius, Christian Person, and Gérard Tanne, Erwan Fourn, “Implementation of Ground Plane Membranes to Realize a Bandwidth and Frequency Tunable Filter”, 2010 ANTEM Symposium on Antenna Technology & Applied Electromagnetics, Ottawa, Canada, 5-8 July 2010.

Alireza Motieifar Cyrus Shafai, and Hassan M. Soliman, “Study of the Transient Behavior of Microfluidic Heat Sinks”, 2010 IEEE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm), Las Vegas, USA, 2-5 June 2010.

G. Wijeweera, B. Bahreyni, C. Shafai, A. Rajapakse, and D.R. Swatek, “Micromachined Electric Field Sensor to Measure ac and dc Fields in Power Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 24, pp. 988-995, July 2009.

C. Shafai, S. K. Sharma, J. Yip, and L. Shafai, “Microstrip Delay Line Phase Shifter by Actuating Integrated Ground Plane Membranes”, IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 2, pp. 163-170, March 2008.

B. Bahreyni, G. Wijeweera, C. Shafai, and A. Rajapakse, “Analysis And Design Of A Micromachined Electric Field Sensor”, IEEE/ASME Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, vol. 17, pp. 31-36, February 2008.

Behraad Bahreyni and C. Shafai, “A Resonant Micromachined Magnetic Field Sensor”, IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 7, pp. 1326-1334, September 2007.

Behraad Bahreyni and Cyrus Shafai, “Oscillator and frequency-shift measurement circuit topologies for micromachined resonant devices”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 137, pp. 74-80, June 2007.

A. Motieifar, C. Shafai, and H.M. Soliman, “Study Of The Hot Spots In Integrated Circuits Cooled By Microfluidic Heatsinks”, 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels, Puebla, Mexico, 18-20 June 2007.

Behraad Bahreyni and Cyrus Shafai, “Application of twin-beam structures for estimation of material properties and sensor fabrication”, Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Eng. – special issue on Canadian MEMS Research, vol. 31, pp. 85-88, Spring 2006.

Behraad Bahreyni, Farshid Najafi, and C. Shafai, “Piezoresistive sensing with twin-beam structures in standard MEMS foundry processes”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 127, pp. 325-331, March 2006.

Isabelle P. F. Harouche and C. Shafai, “Simulation of Shaped Comb Drive as a Stepped Actuator for Microtweezers Application”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 123-124C, pp. 540-546, September 2005.

R. Al-Dahleh, C. Shafai, and L. Shafai, “Frequency Agile Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Reconfigurable MEMS Ground Plane”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 43, pp. 64-67, October 5, 2004.

C. Shafai, S. Sharma, L. Shafai, and Dwayne D. Chrusch, “Microstrip Phase Shifter Using Ground Plane Reconfiguration”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 52, pp. 144-153, January 2004.

B. Bahreyni and C. Shafai, “Investigation and simulation of XeF2 isotropic etching of silicon”, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, vol. 20, pp. 1850-1854, Nov/Dec, 2002.

K. Robbie, C. Shafai, and M.J. Brett, “Thin Films With Nanometer Scale Pillar Microstructure”, Journal of Materials Research, vol. 14, pp. 3158-3163, July 1999.

C. Shafai, J.N. Broughton, and M.J. Brett, “Passivation And Performance Analysis Of Thin Film Peltier Heat Pumps”, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, vol. 17, pp. 306-309, Jan/Feb 1999.

C. Shafai, M.J. Brett, and T.M. Hrudey, “Etch induced stress failures of SiO2 cantilever beams”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 70, pp. 283-290, October 1998.